PHOBOS
Phobos (foh'-bus) is the larger and innermost of Mars' two moons, named after Phobos, son of Ares (Mars) from Greek Mythology. Phobos orbits closer to a (major) planet than any other moon in the solar system, less than 6000 km above the surface of Mars. It is also one of the smaller known moons in the solar system. It has been designated Mars I.
Discovery
Phobos was discovered by American astronomer Asaph Hall on August 18, 1877 at the US Naval Observatory in Washington, D.C at about 09:14. Asaph Hall also discovered Deimos. The names were suggested by Henry Madan (1838-1901), Science Master of Eton, from Book XV of the Iliad, where Ares summons Fear and Fright.
Phobos was photographed close-up by Mariner 9 in 1971, Viking 1 in 1977, Phobos 2 in 1988, Mars Global Surveyor in 1998 and 2003, and by Mars Express in 2004.
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